Chapter 16 Learning Objectives:
After studying this material you should be able to:
1. Compare and contrast Griffith’s transformation experiment with the Hershey-Chase experiment that led to the discovery of DNA as the hereditary molecule.
2. Draw a molecule of DNA appropriately; keeping in mind nucleotide components, complementary base pairing, and the antiparallel orientation of the two strands.
3. Explain what Chargaff’s rules are in relation to the amount and structure of each of the nitrogenous bases.
4. Discuss the influence of other scientists on Watson and Crick’s discovery of the structure of DNA.
5. Explain the significance of hydrogen bonding within DNA.
6. Explain how DNA replicates itself including defining what origins of replication, replication bubbles, and replication forks are, as well as what is meant by semi-conservative replication.
7. State the function of each enzyme involved in DNA replication.
8. Compare and contrast elongation with leading and lagging strands.
9. Discuss the natural proofreading and repair mechanisms in place during and after replication occurs.