Chapter 22 Learning Objectives:
After studying this material you should be able to:
1. Define evolution and describe how it is measured.
2. Explain why the ideas of evolution did not begin with Darwin but how his explanations for why and how evolution occurred were unique and significant.
3. Discuss Darwin’s life and why the places he visited while on the voyage of the HMS Beagle had a profound influence on his ideas about evolution.
4. Discuss the historical figures that Darwin studied and how they had a significant impact on the development of his ideas.
5. Distinguish between taxonomy, paleontology, and geology and the scientists associated with each discipline that Darwin studied.
6. Compare and contrast Lamarck’s ideas with Darwin’s and discuss why Lamarck had valuable ideas as well as shortcomings.
7. Compare and contrast Thomas Malthus and Charles Lyell.
8. Explain why Alfred Wallace played an integral part in why Darwin went public with his ideas about evolution.
9. Describe what descent with modification means and give an example that illustrates this concept.
10. List the 4 assumptions of natural selection.
11. Define natural selection, discuss the key points of the logic behind it, and give a real-life example of it.
12. Compare and contrast a real-life example of natural selection and a real-life example of artificial selection; describe which agent is doing the “selecting” for or against in each case.
13. Compare and contrast the unit of natural selection with the unit of evolution.
14. Discuss three current examples of natural selection.
15. Compare and contrast anatomical and embryological homologies as well as vestigial organs.