Chapter 5 Learning Objectives:
After studying this material you should be able to:
1. Explain how monomers are used to build polymers.
2. Compare and contrast dehydration and hydrolysis reactions.
3. Distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
4. Explain what a glycosidic linkage is, where it would be found, what type of monomer it is associated with, and describe how it is formed.
5. Describe the structure and function of structural and storage polysaccharides.
6. Explain what an ester linkage is, where it would be found, what types of monomers it would be associated with, and describe how it is formed.
7. Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fats and list some unique emergent properties that are a consequence of these structural differences.
8. Describe how the structure of a phospholipid fits its function as an integral component of cell membranes.
9. List and describe the major components/functional groups of an amino acid.
10. Explain what a peptide bond is, where it would be found, what type of monomer it is associated with, and describe how it is formed.
11. Define the four levels of protein structure and describe why these structures are important.
12. Describe the types of bonds important in the four different levels of protein structure.
13. Define denaturation and explain how proteins may be denatured and what the consequences are of denaturation.
14. Summarize the functions of nucleic acids.
15. List the 3 major components of a nucleotide, and describe how these monomers are linked to form a nucleic acid.
16. Compare and contrast purines and pyrimidines.
17. Briefly describe the three-dimensional structure of DNA.
18. Describe the process of protein synthesis from DNA to protein in general terms.