Learning Objectives for Chapter 14:
After studying this material you should be able to:
1. Describe who Gregor Mendel was and his experiments.
2. Define true breeding, hybridization, monohybrid cross, dihybrid cross, P generation, F1 generation, F2 generation
3. List and explain the four components of Mendel’s hypothesis.
4. Using your knowledge of independent assortment and the phases of meiosis predict the results of both a monohybrid cross and a dihybrid cross. Be able to predict the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F2 generation.
5. Use a Punnett square to predict the results of both a monohybrid cross and a dihybrid cross. Be able to predict the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F2 generation.
6. Compare and contrast: dominant and recessive, heterozygous and homozygous, genotype and phenotype.
7. Use the Chi-Square test to evaluate a hypothesis for a dominance relationship in a given example.
8. Explain how a test cross can be used to determine if a dominant phenotype is homozygous or heterozygous.
9. Define Mendel’s law of independent assortment and compare that to the law of segregation.
10. Define incomplete dominance and illustrate an example.
11. Explain how the phenotypic expression of a heterozygote is affected by complete (simple) dominance, incomplete dominance, and codominance.
12. Describe the inheritance of the ABO blood system and explain why the A and B alleles are said to be codominant
13. Define and give examples of pleiotropy, epistasis, and polygenic inheritance.
14. Describe how environmental conditions can influence the phenotypic expression of a character.
15. Given a family pedigree, figure out the genotypes for as many family members as possible.
16. Explain why lethal dominant genes are much less common than lethal recessive genes.