Chapter 8 Learning Objectives:
After studying this material you should be able to:
1. Compare and contrast catabolic and anabolic processes.
2. Distinguish between kinetic and potential energy and hive examples of each.
3. Explain the first two laws of thermodynamics.
4. Define each component of the free-energy change equation: ΔG = Gfinal – Gstarting
5. Distinguish between open and closed systems and discuss why cells are open systems.
6. Distinguish between endergonic and exergonic reactions.
7. Describe the three main types of cellular “work.”
8. Describe the structure and function of ATP in a cell and explain how ATP provides energy for cellular work.
9. Describe the function of enzymes in biological systems.
10. Explain the relationship between enzyme structure and enzyme specificity.
11. Diagram and describe the catalytic cycle of an enzyme.
12. Explain how environmental factors, cofactors, and enzyme inhibitors regulate enzyme activity.
13. Distinguish between competitive and noncompetitive inhibition.
14. Describe the importance of feedback inhibition.