Chapter 16 Learning Objectives:
After studying this material you should be able to:
1. Explain how taste and smell receptors are stimulated.
2. Differentiate between the tongue papillae as well as taste buds, taste cells, taste hairs, and taste pores.
3. Identify the 5 primary taste sensations, regions of the tongue associated with each sensation, and adaptive significance.
4. Describe the type of receptor and projection pathways for taste including nerves and regions of the brain involved.
5. Identify the structures involved in smell (including receptor type) as well as the projection pathways for smell including which nerve and regions of the brain are involved.
6. Discuss how human body odor may affect behavior.
7. Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the ear.
8. Describe how the ear converts vibrations to nerve signals.
9. Compare and contrast the 3 tunics of the eye and include a description of the anatomical structures located in each layer.
10. Differentiate between the optical and neural components of the eye.
11. Describe the structure of the retina and its receptor cells.
12. Explain how the optical system of the eye creates an image on the retina.
13. Discuss the visual projection pathways in the brain.
14. Compare and contrast stereoscopic and panoramic vision and discuss the adaptive significance of each.