DNA to Protein Crossword Puzzle
Microbiology
Across
2. Small 2-part organelle with no membranes that mediates polypeptide synthesis.
5. Region of an operon downstream from the promoter where a repressor may bind, effectively blocking transcription.
9. The presence of this hexose monosaccharide prevents the binding of an activator to the activator-binding-site upstream from the promoter in an operon.
10. A way of grouping a stretch of RNA nucleotides into sequential triplets. The triplets will then be read at the ribosome to make a polypeptide.
12. A triplet of nucleotides found on a tRNA molecule that is complementary to a triplet codon found on an mRNA molecule.
14. Deoxyribonucleic acid
17. A derivative of lactose that acts as an inducer to the repressible part of the lac operon. This substance binds to the repressor, changing its shape, so that the repressor can no longer remain bound to the operator. Once the repressor leaves the operator, the operon is no longer repressed.
20. A small segment of RNA that binds to DNA during DNA replication, serving as a starter-segement for DNA polymerase. Once DNA polymerase has bound to this starter segement, it can continute to add DNA nucleotides (dNTPs) to the new strand.
22. Usually expressed as a table, the ______ _______ correlates each triplet codon with one amino acid (except fot the three that serve as stop codons).
24. Multiple ribosomes on a single strand of mRNA.
27. The stop codons are UAG, UAA, and _____.
28. AUG
29. A segment of a mRNA molecule that is removed during processing in eukaryotic organisms.
30. The stop codons are UAG, _______, and UGA.
31. Regulation of an operon that involves a repressor.
35. The start codon for translation.
37. An enzyme that makes polymers. Often found applied to enzymes that make polymers of nucleic acids.
38. A gene for an enzyme that is normall "off", but can be turned on when the conditions call for it's product is a/an ________ gene.
39. The sugar that is found in the backbone of RNA strands.
40. ____________ alternates with a sugar in the backbone of nucleic acids.
41. The part of a eukaryotic mRNA that is retained during mRNA processing. This is the part that is expressed.
42. A region of the DNA that comes before the promoter that starts transcription.
43. The enzyme that adds a short segment of RNA to DNA during replication, allowing DNA polymerase to bind and extend the growing DNA strand from that point.
Down
1. The enzyme that binds two segments of DNA together. May be used for binding Okazaki fragments during DNA replication.
3. Nucleotides across from one another in a DNA double helix. These nucleotides are held together by hydrogen bonds, A:T and G:C.
4. To denature, or separate the strands of a double helix of DNA.
5. A group of prokaryotic genes that are involved in the same metabolic pathway that are transcribed together in a polycistronic message, and are regulated together.
6. ________ of replication. The location on a DNA molecule, where the helix starts to open up for DNA replication.
7. A monomer of nucleic acids.
8. This is added to the 5' end of a eukaryotic mRNA molecule during processing. The puzzle doesn't allow for the ['] as a separate letter.
11. Triplet of nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid.
13. mRNA copy of a gene. The result of transcription.
14. DNA
15. The peptidyl site on a ribosome. Where the amino acids make their peptide bonds.
16. What happens to exons after introns are removed.
18. The single word that describes the process of transcription and translation.
19. In DNA replication, the part of a DNA double helix that is being unwound to expose the single strands that will serve as templates.
20. The part of a gene that signals the location for RNA polymerase to bind, so that it can transcribe the gene.
21. A type of RNA that is found as a structural part of a ribosome.
23. A small RNA that serves as a "gopher" to bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome during translation.
25. A type of RNA that carries the gene message, and is translated at the ribosome.
26. The part of eukaryotic mRNA processing that occurs at the 3' end of the mRNA transcript.
30. The stop codons are _____, UAA, and UGA.
32. The site on the ribosome where the tRNA exits.
33. A disaccharide that breaks down to glucose + galactose. After it enters an E. coli cell, it is changed to allolactose, which then can be used as an inducer for the operon that controls the remainder of its catabolism.
34. The site on the ribosome where the next tRNA is added.
36. A ________ codon. A series of three nucleotides.
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