English
2235:
American Literature II: 1865 to the Present
Spring
2001
/ Section 1
Essay
#1 / Option #1
Write
an essay of 3-4 pages (900-1200 words) in which you do a close reading and
analysis of one of the texts we’ve read from the beginning of the
semester up to the spring break—i.e. Mark Twain through Langston Hughes.
Please do not do research as you write your essay—work closely with
the text itself.
Begin
by picking a text that you really liked, or one that really intrigued you for
some reason. Then, read it again
and really start to think about what the author “does” and why
he or she did it that way. For
example, you might look at Twain’s novel, Huckleberry
Finn, and notice that Huck seems different when he’s on the river compared
to when he’s on the land. You
might then think about why this is so, why Twain might have written this
character this way, or what Twain might have been intending to show by the
differences. Speculate!
Theorize! Hypothesize!
Try to come up with a reason (or several possible reasons) to explain
your observation and then look back to the text for “evidence” (scenes,
dialogue, description, etc.) to support your views.
You
can pick a text and a “line of analysis” on your own, you might use one of
the following suggestions, or you might consider one of the following
suggestions as a “jumping off point,” leading you to something you might not
have thought of initially. Just
limit yourself to the authors we’ve read.
- Does
Huck change as he moves through the novel?
- Twain’s
presentation / characterization of Jim in the novel.
- Twain’s
presentation / characterization of Tom in the novel.
- Does
Twain “fail us” in the Phelps’ chapters (the ending)?
- How
does Twain present women characters in the novel?
- How
does Twain deal with religion in the novel?
- How
does Twain view “society” based on this novel?
- How
does Twain deal with the slavery issue in the novel?
- Explore
the development of Huck and Jim’s friendship.
- Explore
the tension of civilization vs. wildness/wilderness.
- Explore
Huck’s use of different identities.
- Explore
the King/Duke section of the novel.
- Explore
the Sherburn-Boggs incident.
- Explore
the Wilks girls chapters.
- Explore
the role of Pap in the novel.
- Is
there anything significant in the three different beverages in “Editha”?
- What
is significant about Editha’s note to George?
- How
are Editha and George’s meetings different each time?
- Does
George’s character change in the story?
- Does
Editha’s character change in the story?
- What
is significant about the final scene in the story?
- Does
Frederick Winterbourne change in the novella?
- Does
Daisy Miller change in the novella?
- What
are the differences between Vevey, Switzerland, and Rome, Italy?
- How
are Winterbourne’s meetings with his aunt significant?
- How
are Winterbourne’s conversations with Mrs. Walker significant?
- What
is significant about the colosseum scene?
- What
is significant about Winterbourne’s final conversation with his aunt?
- What
makes Freeman a local color writer?
- How
are the animals significant in Freeman’s story?
- What
makes Chopin a local color writer?
- How
are the women presented in Chopin’s stories?
- Who
is in control: Mr. Waythorn or Mrs. Waythorn?
- Why
is the experience in “The Open Boat” the “best experience” of the
correspondent’s life?
- Why
are certain passages repeated in “The Open Boat”?
- Robinson
and Frost are more “traditional” poets?
How so? How does this
influence their poetry?
- Sandburg
and Williams are considered “imagist” poets?
What does this mean to their poetry?
- Stevens
and Moore both write poems about poetry.
What is their message?
- How
does Cummings use spelling, punctuation, and page layout to his advantage?
- Analyze
the character of J. Alfred Prufrock.
- Analyze
the “tone” of one or more of Hughes’ poems.
Essay
#1 / Option #2
Write
an essay of 3-4 pages (900-1200 words) in which you “connect” one of the
writers in the Norton Anthology of
American Literature that we did not read to one that we did read.
Please do not do research as you write your essay—work closely with
the texts you select.
As you
consider the two writers or texts you’ve chosen, look for both
similarities and differences – in subject matter, in characters, in
themes, in plots, in symbols, in writing style, etc. Perhaps even seek to discover why the writers are both
considered to be “realistic,” or “romantic,” or “local color,” or
“naturalistic,” or modern.”
Then,
in an essay, present your analysis – what did you discover through your
comparison of the two texts? Perhaps
present the apparent similarities first. Then,
the apparent differences. And,
finally, and maybe most importantly, the lesser apparent similarities and
differences.
Choose
from the following pairings (any other pairings require prior approval from me):
- Mark
Twain and Charles W. Chesnutt
- Mary
E. Wilkins Freeman and Sarah Orne Jewett
- Mary
E. Wilkins Freeman and Charlotte Perkins Gilman
- William
Dean Howells and Ambrose Bierce
- Stephen
Crane and Jack London
- Carl
Sandburg, “Chicago” and Amy Lowell, “St. Louis”
- Carl
Sandburg and Robinson Jeffers
- William
Carlos Williams and Ezra Pound (“Pact,” “Station,”
“River-Merchant”)
- William
Carlos Williams and H.D. (“Mid-day,” “Oread,” “Helen”)
- Marianne
Moore and Edna St. Vincent Millay
- Langston
Hughes and Claude McKay
- Langston
Hughes and Jean Toomer
- Langston
Hughes and Countee Cullen
©2001 Scott Stankey / All rights reserved
Last revised on
October 29, 2007 by
Scott Stankey
Please address comments to Stankesc@an.cc.mn.us