Chapter 4 Learning Goals

After studying this chapter, you should be able to:

  • Describe the normal process of labor and birth.
  • Compare and Contrast various approached to childbirth.
  • Explain how the Apgar scale is used to determine the health of a newborn.
  • Discuss the process of bonding between the mother and the newborn.
  • Identify options parents have regarding the birthing process.
  • Explain the use of anesthesia and other pain-reducing drugs during labor.
  • Describe complications that can occur at birth.
  • Explain the major causes of preterm and low-birthweight babies, and evaluate why rates vary significantly from country to country.
  • Explain the cultural and ethnic differences in infant mortality rates in the United States.
  • Describe the symptoms of postpartum depression and the effects on infants.
  • Describe the physical, sensory and social capabilities of the newborn.
  • Use classical and operant conditioning as well as observation to evaluate the learning abilities and limitations of the newborn.
 

 

 

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