Astronomy                 Natural Science 1001

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Astronomy
Meteorology
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Astronomy
Meteorology
Geology

***Eclipses    [p. 42-45]     Explanation D2L

• How do they occur?
  --Understand ecliptic plane (or plane of the Earth's orbit around the sun)   [p. 15
  --Understand how moon's orbit around the Earth is tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane
  --Understand what nodes are and how they are involved in eclipses
  --Understand why eclipses typically occur only twice a year
• Lunar eclipse
  --How do Earth, moon, and sun line up for a lunar eclipse? Draw.
  --Explain the differences (with drawings) between a penumbral lunar eclipse, a partial lunar eclipse, and a total lunar eclipse. Draw what they look like from outside the solar system, and what they look like if you are on the Earth.
• Solar eclipse
  --How do Earth, moon, and sun line up for a solar eclipse? Draw.
  --Explain the differences (with drawings) between a partial solar eclipse and a total solar eclipse. Draw what they look like from outside the solar system, and what they look like if you are on the Earth
  --Explain (with drawings) the differences between a total solar eclipse and an annular solar eclipse. Draw what they look like from outside the solar system, and what they look like if you are on the Earth
• Links
  --animation of Moon's nodes
  --THE Eclipse web page
  
  --lunar eclipse movie
  --lunar eclipse essentials   2 min
  
  --June 30 1954 Mpls solar eclipse map
  --Movie from space
  --Page of several solar eclipse movies
  --1 min animation of 3/9/16 eclipse

Introduction

• Compass directions

Apparent motion of celestial bodies through a day   [p. 29-31, 95-100]    Explanation D2L

• Interlude--drawing hemispheres of the sky
• Motion of sun in sky throughout a day
  --Relate to motion of Earth
• In Minnesota, sun halfway up in South sky (why?)
  --Relate to motion of Earth
• Motion of stars in sky throughout a day
  --Relate to motion of Earth
• Links
  --excellent animation
  --Chart of sun's path in the sky for anywhere on the Earth
  --Excellent animation of how rotation affects path of sun and moon

Different stars at night at different times of year  [p. 32]      Explanation D2L

• Relate to motion of earth around Sun
• Sun moves eastward with respect to stars
• Define a day   [p. 84-85]    Explanation D2L
  --solar day
  --sidereal day
  --Relate to motions of Earth
  --drawing and description
• Change in appearance of star sky from day to day
• Movement of stars throughout a year
• Change in location in sky of moon from day to day
  --Relate to motion of moon
• Motion of planets in sky   [p. 48-49]

Why do sun, moon, planets appear in a band across the sky?

Why is the Milky Way a band in the sky?

Seasons    [p. 15, 32-36]

• Axis of rotation of Earth
• Revolution of Earth around Sun
• Angle of sunlight affects how much energy we get from sun
  --Depends on time of year, time of day, location
• Hours of sunlight in a day affects how much energy we get from the sun
  --Depends on time of year, location
• Path of sun across sky
• Solstices, equinoxes

Phases of the Moon   [p. 39-41]     Explanation D2L

• ***Phases
  --Names
  --Positions of Earth, Sun, Moon
     --Relate positions to phases we see
  --Phases over time
• Moon/sun in the sky
  --How the sun moves through the sky each day
    --rotation of the Earth
    --What is a day Explanation D2L
  --***Right/left rules
  --Finding the moon in the sky [by phase and time]
  --Future/past moon in the sky 
• Links
  --good starting point for the basics
  --good moon phase interactive
  --another interactive
  --and another interactive
  --current Moon phase
  --phase of moon any time in history