Links for Meteorology

Courses
Astronomy
Meteorology
Geology

Links
Astronomy
Meteorology

Climate

• Climate Prediction Center 3-month outlooks
  --Temperature graphic
  --Precipitation graphic
• Climatology Working Group at the U of M
     including the Minnesota state climatology office
• Unofficial predictions from sea surface temps
• General Climate data
• National Climatic Data Center
• 10-day precipitation outlook
• 10-day temperature outlook
• Current El Nino conditions from NOAA

Current Conditions (observations)

• ARCC
  --max and min
• Cambridge airport
• Latest Minnesota observations
  --alternate site
• Servers with access to conditions across the country
      DuPage
      Ohio State--surface plots
      Ohio State--national data
      Wyoming

NWS Forecast Discussions--technical insider forecast info

• Minnesota
      Minneapolis
      Duluth
• Wisconsin
      La Crosse
      Green Bay
      Milwaukee
• Iowa
      Des Moines
      Quad Cities
• South Dakota
      Sioux Falls
      Aberdeen
      Rapid City
• North Dakota
      Bismarck
      Grand Forks
• Nebraska
      Omaha
      Hastings
      North Platte

Forecasts

• National Weather Service Public
  Coon Rapids
        Zone NWS zone forecast (official)
        Point  NWS forecast (with pictures)
             alternate Twin Cities NWS forecast server
  Cambridge
        Zone NWS forecast (official)
        Point NWS forecast (with pictures)
  Minnesota
        state NWS forecast
            alternate NWS forecast server
  National
        Ohio State  page down--a wealth of info
• Fronts
  --Hydrometeorological Prediction Center
  --Tomorrow's fronts from Intellicast
  --24-hour front forecasts from Wyoming
• Meteorological Development Laboratory
  --Precip and lightning forecasts for the next 3 hours

History

• Image Archive from Unisys
• Surface maps in the past from Wyoming

Hurricanes

• National Hurricane Center
• Tropical weather data--many sources
• Unisys
• Colorado State Tropical page

Hydrology

• Upper Mississippi Basin river level forecasts
• River Forecast Center discussion

Jet Stream

• 300 mb speeds from Ohio State
• Simple--AccuWeather

Lightning

• Recent strikes from Intellicast
• Recent strikes in Canada
• NOAA
  --Lightning safety
  --photos
  --damage photos

NWS Numerical Model Output Forecasts

• Minneapolis meteograms
      NGM model
• Detailed output
      Select from Unisys (menu on left side)
      Select from UCAR (nice pics)
      Select from Ohio State
      Select from Wyoming
• NWS Graphics
      NGM MOS
• Text output
  --AVN MOS
  --MRF MOS
  --NGM MOS
• Listings for cities--access through Ohio State map
      Ohio State  page down

Past 24 hour weather

• Meteogram of past 24 hours at MSP
• MSP climate summary
• Other US cities
      Wyoming--meteogram or listing
      Unisys
• Image Archive
• Climatology for Minnesota

Radar

• Twin Cities Radar
   --via NWS
       NEXRAD
   --via Intellicast
       NEXRAD
       Regional radar summary (very good)
       Regional radar loop (excellent, but takes a long time to load)
       Regional Java loop (more detailed, more images)
       Estimated precipitation
       Radial velocity (to see rotation)
    --KSTP radar
    --KARE radar
    --link to WCCO radar
• National Radar
       Intellicast summary (very good)
       Intellicast Radar with precip type
        Weather Channel
       AccuWeather
• Regional summaries, loops, US
       Unisys
• Canada
       Environment Canada

Satellite Images

• Servers w/ several images incl. visible, infrared, and water vapor
       Unisys (loops and regional)
       Illinois
       MSP NWS
       Ohio State
       College of DuPage
           --U.S. Infrared loop
           --North central infrared loop
           --Canadian infrared loop
           --Water vapor loop
       Colorado State
           --Pacific infrared loop
           --Pacific water vapor loop
           --U.S. 36-hour infrared loop
• NASA (a TON of images!)
• NCAR  (GOES-10, GOES-12, others)
• World satellite views

Severe Weather

• Watches and warnings in effect
     NWS
     Map from Intellicast
• Severe weather reports--Last hour, today, previous days
• Storm Prediction Center
      Hourly Mesoscale Analysis
      Overlay map
• Ohio State site has much information, including:
        Lifted indexes
        Storm Prediction Center Products
        Precipitable water
• Weather warnings in Europe

Snow

• National Snow and Ice Data Center
• Snow crystal photographs
• Wilson Bentley, the Snowflake Man

Soundings

• National
      Wyoming
      Unisys 
      Ohio State
      DuPage

Surface Maps

• General map
      Weather Channel (fronts, highs & lows, radar)
      Unisys (fronts, highs & lows, satellite, radar)
      Intellicast
      Ohio State
      Fronts only--North America
• Contour maps (colored bands)
      Unisys (temperature, dewpoint, and many more)
      Illlinois (pressure with temp, dewpoint, wind dir, satellite)
• Good maps from Ohio State
  (streamlines,convergence, heat index, wind chill, and the usual)
• Weather channel menus
      From Home page , mostly forecasts
      From map listings
• Station models
      Minnesota and West
      Minnesota and East

Upper Air Maps

• Mandatory heights
       List from Unisys
       List from Wyoming
       List from Ohio State
• Contour maps (colored bands)
       Unisys (500 mb, prec water, LI, and many more)

Weather Servers              
If you want more information, maps, and so on, check out these sites.

• National Weather Service (NWS)
  --Twin Cities National Weather Service office
  --Quick menu for Twin Cities
  --NWS Central Region Headquarters
  --NWS offices around the country
• Intellicast
• The Weather Channel
• AccuWeather
• Environment Canada
• SCSU local forecast page
• TV weather
  --KSTP
  --KARE
  --KMSP
  --WCCO
  
  These sites are for true weather weenies
• Unisys  
• Ohio State
• College of DuPage
• NOAA Operational Significant Imagery Server
• Polar weather
• Wetzel Winter Forecast info
• National Weather Association links page
• U of Wyoming Weather Web

Study help

• University of Illinois online guides
  --Clouds and precip
  --Air masses and fronts
  --Forces and winds
  --Midlatitude cyclones
        --upper air features (ridges, troughs, jet streaks,...)
  --Severe storms
  --Radar--more detail than we will get into, but very basic and a good introduction
  --basics of satellite images
  --Reading maps
        --Converting between UTC and your local time
        --Station models
        --Surface maps
  --Helper index (short descriptions of topics and terms)
• University of Wisconsin
  --Online activities
• Time conversions between AM/PM and 24-hour clock
  --description from the space archive
  --animated clock that shows both times
  --page that does conversions (for practice)
  --current UTC time (at bottom of page)
• Tutorial from Iowa State on Clouds and Storms
• Animation of sun's path in sky

Temporary

• Chart of sun's path in the sky for anywhere on the Earth
• Incoming solar radiation exercise
• IR cloud exercise 1
• IR cloud exercise 2
• Visible satellite exercise
• Geo lab link--earthquakes
  --Create earthquakes
  --Look at recent quakes
  --Plate boundaries one and two
• TOMS ozone
• Death by hail
  --9th century
  --article
• Ice meteors
  --journal
• Surface ozone forecasts
• Snow rollers
• Blip 1
  Blip 2
  Blip 3
  Blip 4